This International Standard specifies a test using a Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate Reagent (LAL) for the detection and quantification of endotoxins that may contaminate assay samples of nanomaterials intended for cell-based in vitro biological testing systems. The test is for use with in aqueous media, eg. Water, serum or reaction medium, dispersed nanomaterial samples, and for such media which have been incubated with nanomaterials for a reasonable time at 37 ° C. This standard is limited to in vitro systems, but the methods can also be adapted to nanomaterials that are fed to animals by parenteral routes.