The Netherlands Nano Initiative (NNI) must bring about a visible consortium, which sets the scene for some excellent research and which involves businesses and research facilities, promoting valorisation. The consortium must simultaneously remain alert to social developments and respond to them. The NNI endeavours to embed nanotechnology in the Netherlands through education and research, leading to the creation of new, high-quality jobs. In addition, a careful analysis must be made of the opportunities and risks associated with nanotechnology.