Formamide: A versatile small molecular building block for synthesizing heavily N-doped 1D and 2D carbon

Low-dimensional carbon materials (LDCs), including graphene and carbon nanotubes, have attracted considerable attention due to their unique morphologies and intriguing electrical properties. However, these materials are typically less functionalized for electrochemical applications. Hence, it is crucial to devise a bottom-up synthesis route for LDCs that can enhance their electrochemical properties and establish a structure-performance relationship.