Advanced optoelectronics with graphene-based mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures

Among 2D materials, graphene is considered as one of the important components in many van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure assemblies due to its high carrier mobility, good environmental stability, tunable work function, and mature processing technique. Besides the contact between different 2D atomic layers, the passivated, dangling-bond-free surfaces of 2D crystals can bond together with other dimensional materials through vdWs force. Consequently, fabrication of mixed-dimensional vdWs heterostructures could be carried out through hybridizing 2D crystals with 0D dots or particles, 1D nanostructures, or 3D bulk materials.