Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death worldwide, with atherosclerosis being a primary contributor. The narrowing of blood vessels due to plaque buildup can lead to life-threatening conditions, prompting the development of various interventional treatments. Stents, small mesh tubes inserted into arteries to keep them open, have been a cornerstone of cardiovascular medicine for decades. However, traditional stents have faced persistent challenges, including the risk of restenosis – the re-narrowing of arteries after stent placement.
