Nanotechnology Now - Press Release: Water processing: light helps degrade hormones: KIT researchers use polymer membranes coated with titanium dioxide for photocatalytic cleaning � results are reported in Nature Nanotechnology

Date	23rd, Apr 2022

Summary:

Wherever people are living, hormones used in e.g. contraceptives or agriculture enter the wastewater. Steroid hormones, such as sex hormones and corticosteroids, may accumulate in the environment and...

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Home > Press > Water processing: light helps degrade hormones: KIT researchers use polymer membranes coated with titanium dioxide for photocatalytic cleaning � results are reported in Nature Nanotechnology

Photocatalytic membrane filtration system with a sun simulator. The membranes are coated with titanium dioxide. (Photo: Markus Breig, KIT) CREDIT Markus Breig, KIT

Abstract: Wherever people are living, hormones used in e.g. contraceptives or agriculture enter the wastewater. Steroid hormones, such as sex hormones and corticosteroids, may accumulate in the environment and adversely affect humans and animals, as they impair behavioral development and fertility. Sex hormones, for instance, may cause male fish to develop female sexual characteristics. It is therefore important to remove hormones, together with other micropollutants, from the wastewater before they enter the natural water cycle again, from which drinking water is extracted. �Supplying people with clean drinking water presently is one of the most important challenges worldwide,� says Professor Andrea Iris Sch�fer, Head of KIT�s Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT). �Micropollutants represent a big threat for our future, as they impair our fertility and brain function.�

Karlsruhe, Germany | Posted on April 22nd, 2022

Inspired by Solar Cell Technology

For years, Sch�fer has studied water processing by nanofiltration. For this purpose, she uses polymer membranes with nanometer-sized pores. However, nanofiltration requires high pressure and, hence, much energy. Moreover, micropollutants may accumulate in the polymer membrane materials and gradually enter the filtered water. Even if the pollutants are separated completely, a flow of concentrated pollutants may develop and require further treatment.

Inspired by solar cell technology, the field of work of Professor Bryce S. Richards from KIT, Sch�fer had the idea to coat polymer membranes with titanium dioxide and to design photocatalytic membranes. Photocatalytically active titanium dioxide nanoparticles are applied to microfiltration membranes, whose pores are somewhat larger than in nanofiltration. Irradiation with light then triggers a chemical reaction, as a result of which steroid hormones are degraded on the membranes. Together with her team at IAMT and colleagues from the Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Sch�fer has now realized her idea and presented the new technology in Nature Nanotechnology.

Catalyst for Water

�We have developed a catalyst for water,� Sch�fer summarizes her work. Using the photocatalytic polymer membranes, steroid hormones were removed in the continuous flow mode down to the analytical detection limit of 4 ng/l. In fact, the concentrations measured were very close to 1 ng/l, the limit given in the new Drinking Water Guideline of the WHO. The researchers are now optimizing their technology by reducing the time needed and energy consumed. Moreover, their focus lies on using natural light. In particular, their research is aimed at degrading other pollutants by photocatalysis, such as industrial chemicals like perfluoro-alkylated and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) or pesticides, such as glyphosate. Another goal is to upscale the technology. (or)

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Contacts:Monika LandgrafKarlsruher Institute of Technology (KIT)

Office: +49 721 608-41150Expert Contact

Regina LinkKarlsruher Institute of Technology

Office: +49 721 608-41158

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