This protocol describes a procedure for quantitative determination of microbial contamination in a nanoparticle preparation. The protocol includes tests for yeast, mold and bacteria using Millipore Sampler devices [1]. The intended purpose of this assay is to avoid introduction of microbial contamination into in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal studies utilizing the test-nanomaterial, as microbial contamination will confound the results of these tests. This assay is not intended to certify the material as sterile.