Guidelines for softening and desalination of industrial wastewater for reuse

Guidelines for softening and desalination of industrial wastewater for reuse

Standard Number NEN-ISO 23044: 2020
Organization Netherlands Standardization Institute Netherlands
Level National
Category Guide | Practice
Status
  • JUL 2020 Published
ABSTRACT
NEN-ISO 23044 provides guidance on, the evaluation and comparison of wastewater softening and desalination processes for industrial wastewater reclamation and reuse with specific consideration for the following six: 1) chemical precipitation; 2) ion exchange; 3) nanofiltration (NF); 4) reverse osmosis (RO); 5) electrodialysis (ED) and 6) electrodeionization (EDI). This document provides guidance on the characterization of both influent and effluent quality (eg hardness, alkalinity, etc.) and the effects of these processes on those constituents. The purpose of softening and desalination is only for the reuse usages that have requirements for hardness and salinity, such as cooling circulating water, boiler water, production process water, and cleaning water.