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EUROPEAN UNION

INDICATORS

Time

Quantity

Unit

Source

Last Update

Rank

Research & development expenditure

Research & development expenditure (% of GDP)

Abbreviation:

R&D expenditure (% of GDP)
2020/01/01
2020/12/31
2.32
Percent
2022/12/31
13th

Time

Quantity

Unit

Source

Last Update

Rank

Researchers in R&D (per million people)

Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.

Abbreviation:

Researchers in R&D
2020/01/01
2020/12/31
4,258
People
2022/12/31
17th

Time

Quantity

Unit

Source

Last Update

Rank

GDP per Capita (ppp)

This entry shows GDP on a purchasing power parity basis divided by population for the same year.

Abbreviation:

GDP per Capita (ppp)
2021/01/01
2021/12/31
48,767
$
2022/12/31
26th

Number of national nanotechnology standards

Standard is a document, established by consensus and approved by a recognized body, that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context. National nanotechnology standard is a nanotechnology related standard that is adopted by a national standards body and made available to the public.

Abbreviation:

National nanotechnology standards
2021/01/01
2021/12/31
49
Standard
2023/12/03
13th
NANOTECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITIES IN EUROPEAN UNION

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