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INFO
Indicator : Ratio of nanotechnology patents to nano-articles (Patents per 100 articles)
Description : Ratio of nanotechnology patents granted or published in USPTO and EPO per 100 ISI nano-articles published in the same year.
Source : Web of Science (ISI Web of Knowledge)

Ratio of nanotechnology patents to nano-articles (Patents per 100 articles)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
1 Liechtenstein 0.00 40.00 275.00 166.67 116.67 60.00 325.00 166.67 325.00 75.00 233.33 275.00 75.00 250.00 120.00 18.18 220.00 0.00 300.00 200.00 157.14
2 USA 24.02 41.11 48.46 48.42 43.19 43.99 41.24 41.37 40.01 44.02 40.48 41.27 41.67 46.18 43.08 42.48 42.80 41.73 44.89 40.51 48.44 50.10 55.74
3 Taiwan 7.04 15.02 12.57 16.68 20.06 22.99 26.21 22.72 29.28 31.38 28.97 36.52 33.35 37.66 38.67 35.63 33.45 32.83 36.73 32.43 31.55 40.47 44.29
4 Luxembourg 100.00 0.00 0.00 266.67 71.43 100.00 120.00 33.33 52.94 18.18 25.00 29.09 28.36 35.19 45.28 32.58 59.26 52.63 45.54 42.11 40.46 47.50 32.23
5 Japan 11.09 14.65 16.33 17.29 17.76 18.74 18.39 17.97 21.52 26.45 23.04 27.20 25.51 28.18 29.60 26.91 25.57 26.57 27.65 26.13 26.52 30.35 30.47
6 South Korea 5.54 10.30 9.84 13.35 18.99 17.33 20.70 18.49 18.62 24.14 21.47 20.88 22.18 24.59 26.23 28.21 29.11 24.12 25.29 25.52 24.34 25.04 29.06
7 Switzerland 6.65 11.03 14.99 13.55 15.83 13.48 17.13 17.67 15.88 17.47 14.65 13.60 14.46 20.59 15.87 16.40 18.45 18.86 18.46 17.62 20.47 21.68 21.32
8 Netherlands 4.56 7.72 11.76 12.81 16.17 16.73 17.16 23.62 22.21 26.96 22.16 22.62 18.76 21.22 23.58 17.02 18.28 18.10 17.60 18.17 19.17 16.77 17.82
9 Finland 3.80 5.39 4.98 10.14 8.03 6.94 7.71 6.21 9.35 9.09 7.06 11.02 12.62 12.98 10.99 18.92 19.32 14.88 16.82 17.07 16.58 16.80 16.20
10 Belgium 4.98 8.54 11.90 12.90 13.65 11.53 10.38 10.34 14.23 13.22 13.80 14.14 11.76 13.13 12.21 9.92 12.90 15.32 14.18 11.15 15.21 12.56 16.03
11 France 10.28 11.05 13.65 13.73 10.63 10.80 10.66 10.56 10.76 13.00 13.54 11.09 12.98 15.51 14.76 13.18 13.82 15.70 14.33 13.04 13.03 15.11 15.10
12 Ireland 8.33 8.82 19.05 8.74 14.29 13.37 9.42 16.85 13.86 10.09 8.72 9.01 6.63 11.46 9.95 7.50 8.11 7.67 8.86 12.09 14.29 14.48 15.00
13 Germany 6.22 10.84 14.81 16.35 13.60 15.54 13.65 13.83 14.60 16.57 15.15 14.52 13.82 15.18 14.26 13.11 14.50 13.65 14.26 12.70 12.32 13.56 13.82
14 Cuba 0.00 0.00 4.76 0.00 4.44 0.00 0.00 9.09 6.90 3.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.70 3.92 5.56 3.13 0.00 0.00 7.69 5.26 2.04 13.46
World 10.88 17.42 20.26 20.38 18.59 19.01 17.59 16.75 16.58 18.61 16.40 16.24 15.50 16.41 15.53 14.87 14.45 13.59 13.34 13.03 12.66 11.73 12.52
15 Canada 9.29 13.59 16.29 14.70 11.12 13.07 7.44 10.21 8.82 10.46 11.27 9.56 9.05 9.79 9.91 9.74 9.11 9.28 10.26 10.09 10.81 10.72 11.41
16 Jamaica 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00
17 UK 3.09 6.21 5.89 8.79 7.05 6.59 5.43 5.08 6.21 8.08 8.63 7.71 7.63 8.90 8.13 7.60 8.31 8.11 8.96 8.51 8.48 8.89 9.49
18 Austria 4.00 7.14 3.62 7.89 5.54 8.84 9.87 7.22 7.76 8.32 6.55 8.59 7.55 8.55 7.65 6.35 6.60 8.28 11.70 13.09 12.11 7.59 9.37
19 Sweden 4.58 6.10 7.91 7.12 8.00 8.50 6.16 7.75 9.67 9.98 9.14 9.71 9.25 11.29 9.35 7.71 7.92 7.11 7.48 6.45 7.16 8.39 7.76
20 Denmark 1.95 8.74 6.60 9.05 10.08 6.57 9.56 11.14 11.03 8.91 8.26 7.87 8.72 5.82 7.11 6.62 5.67 7.01 7.77 6.34 6.27 7.75 7.43
21 Norway 2.56 5.13 14.55 2.53 7.48 5.74 8.86 7.06 5.45 8.87 8.20 10.20 6.84 7.07 7.20 10.16 5.82 8.42 9.20 8.94 5.59 7.34 6.37
22 Singapore 1.32 5.76 6.92 3.17 4.60 5.44 5.49 5.41 5.23 5.63 6.12 5.19 7.12 5.54 7.25 7.25 6.56 7.38 8.16 6.46 6.20 6.91 6.15
23 Saudi Arabia 0.00 16.67 28.57 6.25 0.00 21.05 9.09 2.27 2.82 3.58 4.16 5.41 5.86 5.24 5.25 4.77 8.83 9.93 9.79 7.13 6.36 5.02 5.58
24 Panama 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 100.00 50.00 100.00 0.00 83.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.76 0.00 5.00
25 Italy 3.18 3.57 3.85 4.99 4.72 5.15 4.69 5.21 4.31 5.63 5.31 4.59 4.28 4.72 4.34 3.95 4.23 4.36 4.71 4.89 4.16 4.07 4.65
26 Estonia 0.00 4.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.44 2.38 0.00 4.55 2.70 2.70 7.00 3.25 2.13 3.55 4.00 5.33 0.67 0.65 5.24 4.55 4.62
27 Qatar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 1.42 0.90 1.20 3.44 2.92 2.12 3.41 4.09 4.43
28 Spain 0.60 2.08 1.95 1.35 2.39 2.32 2.79 2.24 2.19 2.74 2.85 3.34 3.54 3.69 3.01 3.50 3.48 4.07 3.46 3.85 3.83 3.77
29 Lithuania 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.64 1.15 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.99 0.74 2.84 0.71 5.36 3.38 3.89 5.18 2.49 0.90 1.91 2.87 2.28 3.42
30 Australia 3.47 3.80 5.30 12.50 5.85 8.11 5.96 5.04 4.89 5.68 4.68 2.72 2.67 2.41 2.25 2.45 2.67 2.65 2.59 2.55 2.81 2.82 3.35
31 UAE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.15 3.16 5.61 3.76 3.83 2.28 1.65 2.24 2.50 2.43 3.19 2.82 3.17
32 Chile 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.11 0.93 1.63 1.29 1.85 0.90 1.67 4.00 3.65 1.81 1.94 2.31 3.40 2.35 3.36 3.73 2.96
33 Slovenia 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.74 1.14 0.00 1.35 1.21 1.03 0.48 3.24 2.62 1.67 4.98 3.98 1.50 4.53 3.98 1.56 3.66 2.26 4.07 2.91
34 Costa rica 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.64 16.67 13.33 8.00 0.00 17.39 8.11 11.43 4.00 2.86
35 China 0.15 0.44 0.71 1.06 0.89 1.30 1.04 1.24 1.88 2.10 2.02 2.45 2.62 2.68 2.23 2.23 2.40 2.43 2.36 2.61 2.92 2.67 2.85
36 New Zealand 3.64 5.66 6.98 5.97 7.32 5.22 4.42 5.62 3.45 3.14 3.57 4.63 3.88 4.28 5.04 4.64 5.75 2.86 3.19 5.80 2.38 4.82 2.80
37 Czech Republic 0.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.29 0.80 2.47 1.59 2.91 1.69 2.18 1.85 3.34 2.04 2.15 1.59 2.34 1.83 1.38 2.12 1.22 2.33
38 Portugal 0.00 0.81 0.00 1.07 1.06 0.29 0.00 1.35 1.06 1.72 2.47 1.71 1.72 1.14 1.31 1.99 1.34 1.58 1.76 1.58 2.09 2.10 2.28
39 Slovakia 0.00 0.00 3.57 1.75 2.06 0.76 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.49 0.29 0.51 0.90 0.64 1.20 1.89
40 Greece 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 1.10 1.25 0.00 0.60 1.57 0.96 1.98 1.35 2.25 1.06 0.74 0.94 0.95 0.51 0.97 1.00 2.04 2.69 1.87
41 Iceland 0.00 0.00 100.00 16.67 0.00 0.00 6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.13 7.32 0.00 0.00 5.17 3.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79
42 Colombia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.66 1.26 2.08 2.65 3.14 1.92 1.68 1.95 1.34 1.84 1.86 1.74
43 Poland 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.90 0.46 0.52 0.40 0.17 0.76 0.31 0.58 1.23 0.84 1.04 1.94 2.07 2.02 1.55 1.61 1.29 1.36 1.50 1.53
44 Cyprus 0.00 25.00 50.00 50.00 16.67 16.67 5.00 2.56 7.50 16.28 8.33 10.20 1.37 3.85 6.90 6.78 4.69 11.69 8.82 3.19 0.88 4.24 1.52
45 Brazil 0.00 0.40 0.67 1.30 0.97 0.82 0.95 1.73 2.03 1.23 1.67 1.38 1.55 1.90 1.61 1.12 1.16 1.26 1.31 0.83 1.07 1.07 1.44
46 Bulgaria 0.00 1.28 0.00 0.00 1.71 0.85 0.52 0.55 0.47 0.00 0.45 0.51 0.43 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.00 1.11 0.68 1.29
47 Turkey 0.00 1.09 0.75 0.00 0.00 2.44 1.55 1.95 0.52 0.67 0.79 1.42 1.40 0.88 1.24 2.08 1.44 2.17 1.22 1.37 0.99 0.84 1.23
48 Latvia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.08 0.00 3.23 1.22 1.25 0.00 6.03 5.88 4.00 0.90 2.20 0.82 2.78 1.16 1.01
49 South Africa 11.54 16.00 15.79 7.02 8.24 6.80 2.54 3.80 0.97 5.28 4.62 2.96 3.82 3.21 2.22 1.68 1.61 1.39 0.99 1.27 1.12 0.61 0.89
50 Mexico 0.00 1.65 1.40 0.00 0.29 0.87 1.03 1.68 1.41 2.44 0.65 1.96 2.56 3.10 2.72 2.03 2.45 1.62 0.75 1.35 0.52 0.68 0.86
51 Hungary 0.00 1.20 0.48 0.83 0.36 1.12 2.21 1.81 1.97 3.57 3.56 2.41 2.11 2.97 2.00 2.35 1.03 0.79 0.79 0.52 0.62 1.03 0.67
52 Argentina 1.09 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.66 0.00 0.48 0.40 0.63 0.71 1.06 0.71 0.89 0.61 1.08 0.49 1.21 0.41 0.82 0.65 1.73 1.22 0.60
53 Vietnam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.26 4.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.30 0.00 2.11 0.70 0.33 1.89 0.41 0.00 0.38 0.37 0.25 0.41 0.25 0.56
54 India 1.20 2.64 1.77 2.92 2.77 1.79 2.11 1.47 1.19 1.22 1.21 1.53 1.37 1.28 1.54 1.35 1.17 1.00 0.86 0.74 0.68 0.66 0.54
55 Peru 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.54 1.39 0.81 0.00 0.51
56 Croatia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.27 0.00 0.00 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.72 0.67 0.00 0.00 1.09 0.46 0.43 0.00 0.36 0.38
57 Romania 1.00 0.00 1.23 0.49 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.28 0.83 0.63 0.53 1.04 1.44 1.41 0.96 0.65 0.64 0.62 0.40 0.30 0.32
58 Thailand 0.00 9.09 3.13 7.84 2.22 2.68 0.49 0.90 0.84 1.25 0.45 0.56 0.51 0.92 0.59 0.25 0.30 0.56 0.44 0.61 0.45 0.36 0.32
59 Morocco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.27 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 1.66 1.36 0.26 0.40 0.32 0.14 0.26
60 Nigeria 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.24
61 Malaysia 0.00 30.43 2.94 5.36 9.62 11.22 11.11 1.78 0.95 0.76 0.73 1.05 0.68 0.75 0.68 0.92 0.35 0.64 0.35 0.41 0.19 0.13 0.24
62 Kuwait 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.33 0.00 5.00 8.33 0.00 0.00 2.38 1.72 8.75 3.13 0.47 0.52 1.39 0.92 0.24
63 Russia 0.39 0.96 1.21 1.10 0.69 1.57 0.92 1.19 1.09 1.10 0.97 0.86 0.89 1.05 0.63 0.84 0.63 0.29 0.26 0.39 0.49 0.41 0.23
64 Lebanon 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.70 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.66 2.19 0.20
65 Iran 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.64 0.00 0.35 1.03 0.93 0.55 0.93 0.82 0.79 0.39 0.35 0.50 0.43 0.40 0.58 0.35 0.46 0.45 0.27 0.13
66 Bangladesh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13
67 Ukraine 0.00 1.69 0.68 2.01 0.22 0.00 0.59 1.74 0.17 0.93 1.07 0.40 0.81 0.21 0.10 0.41 0.49 0.29 0.20 0.64 0.78 0.48 0.11
68 Tunisia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.11
69 Egypt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.99 0.00 1.84 0.00 0.33 0.26 0.41 0.73 0.64 0.50 1.34 0.42 0.25 0.33 0.16 0.16 0.06 0.14 0.06
70 Pakistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.67 0.00 1.27 0.57 0.41 0.62 0.21 0.30 0.45 0.10 0.24 0.13 0.06 0.02 0.03
71 Uruguay 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.38 0.00 0.00 2.94 6.45 5.71 0.00 0.00 2.70 1.64 0.00 1.43 0.00 0.00 5.77 0.00
72 Syria 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
73 Paraguay 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00
74 Serbia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.00
75 Philippines 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.33 0.00 11.11 12.50 5.26 8.33 5.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 5.88 1.14 4.76 4.31 5.34 0.00 2.46 0.00
76 Uzbekistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
77 Oman 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.82 0.00 0.00
78 North Korea 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.50 16.67 0.00 9.09 2.56 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00
79 Afghanistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
80 Venezuela 5.88 33.33 12.90 5.00 6.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.12 2.27 1.61 1.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
81 Armenia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.44 0.00 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
82 Yemen 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.67 0.00 5.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
83 Belarus 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.17 0.85 1.05 1.87 1.82 1.32 0.57 0.57 0.46 0.56 2.16 0.51 1.85 1.23 0.36 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00
84 Georgia 33.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.09 0.00 4.55 0.00 6.67 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
85 Indonesia 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00
86 Bahrain 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
87 Iraq 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
88 Jordan 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.52 1.02 0.00 0.76 2.53 0.51 0.00 0.26 0.38 0.00
89 Bosnia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
90 Kazakhstan 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 12.50 0.00 4.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 3.33 1.16 1.60 0.58 0.48 1.49 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.00
91 Azerbaijan 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.76 0.00 2.50 2.70 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
92 Algeria 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.00 0.61 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
93 Angola 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 133.33

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