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INFO
Indicator : Ratio of nanotechnology patents to nano-articles (Patents per 100 articles)
Description : Ratio of nanotechnology patents granted or published in USPTO and EPO per 100 ISI nano-articles published in the same year.
Source : Web of Science (ISI Web of Knowledge)

Ratio of nanotechnology patents to nano-articles (Patents per 100 articles)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 [Sep]
1 Liechtenstein 0.00 40.00 275.00 166.67 140.00 60.00 325.00 166.67 325.00 75.00 233.33 275.00 75.00 250.00 120.00 20.00 220.00 0.00 300.00 200.00 157.14 233.33 120.00
2 USA 23.98 41.09 48.46 48.39 43.34 44.15 41.40 41.60 40.27 44.29 40.91 41.83 42.16 46.89 43.86 43.41 43.70 42.67 45.96 45.48 48.01 49.01 55.23 54.97 54.62
3 Taiwan 7.01 14.93 12.63 16.67 20.12 23.03 26.28 22.73 29.44 31.50 29.11 36.90 33.52 37.85 39.01 36.12 33.76 33.09 37.25 32.37 31.39 38.29 43.97 45.70 45.50
4 South Korea 5.54 10.28 98.71 13.35 19.86 18.06 21.43 19.15 19.20 25.00 22.12 21.50 22.79 25.22 26.91 29.10 30.02 24.81 25.99 25.51 24.28 24.72 28.99 32.20 33.01
5 Japan 11.02 14.58 16.27 17.21 17.95 18.90 18.44 18.04 21.80 26.67 23.30 27.74 25.88 28.76 30.27 27.59 26.10 27.28 28.47 26.08 26.36 29.14 30.27 31.13 30.50
6 Switzerland 6.51 10.98 14.81 13.55 15.87 13.56 17.20 17.77 16.01 17.53 14.78 13.68 14.61 20.81 16.05 16.54 18.69 19.12 18.76 17.55 20.27 20.71 21.13 25.66 24.85
7 Luxembourg 100.00 0.00 0.00 266.67 71.43 100.00 120.00 33.33 56.25 18.18 25.00 29.63 28.36 35.85 45.28 32.58 61.54 53.19 47.66 45.71 40.15 45.24 31.97 40.16 20.41
8 Finland 3.82 5.39 4.96 10.14 8.00 6.94 7.73 6.30 9.40 9.16 7.13 11.25 12.85 13.15 11.25 19.20 19.65 15.28 17.09 17.06 16.31 15.80 16.12 19.34 19.74
9 Netherlands 4.56 7.69 11.83 12.79 16.24 16.80 17.26 23.74 22.39 27.22 22.31 22.94 18.97 21.60 23.91 17.26 18.52 18.34 17.86 18.11 18.99 16.08 17.75 17.30 19.11
10 France 10.21 11.01 13.61 13.71 10.67 10.83 10.79 10.61 10.84 13.13 13.70 11.26 13.15 15.68 15.07 13.44 14.07 16.10 14.67 13.02 12.89 14.37 14.94 14.25 14.57
11 Germany 6.21 10.85 14.78 16.34 13.66 15.61 13.71 13.89 14.68 16.69 15.29 14.64 13.92 15.36 14.46 13.34 14.76 13.92 14.56 12.68 12.21 13.03 13.70 14.87 14.31
12 Belgium 4.96 8.52 11.90 12.90 13.70 11.49 10.44 10.37 14.27 13.36 13.85 14.23 11.84 13.34 12.44 10.15 13.00 15.53 14.48 11.14 15.05 11.96 15.96 74.32 13.62
13 Ireland 8.33 8.82 19.05 8.74 14.36 13.43 9.45 17.03 14.19 10.16 8.81 9.09 6.76 11.66 10.12 7.59 8.18 7.89 8.99 12.02 14.10 13.50 14.86 15.01 13.15
14 Canada 9.29 13.63 16.29 14.70 11.15 13.14 7.49 10.27 8.91 10.52 11.35 9.68 9.16 9.97 10.07 9.98 9.28 9.51 10.53 10.07 10.70 10.12 11.31 12.59 12.57
World 10.85 17.38 20.23 20.35 18.76 19.20 17.76 16.95 16.83 18.91 16.77 16.67 15.90 16.87 16.00 15.39 14.95 14.09 13.87 13.02 12.59 11.50 12.43 12.43 12.05
15 Austria 4.00 7.14 3.62 7.89 5.60 8.90 9.91 7.28 7.84 8.41 6.65 8.72 7.63 8.72 7.84 6.47 6.75 8.47 11.93 13.04 12.01 7.12 9.26 8.94 9.63
16 Sweden 4.52 6.09 7.86 7.08 7.97 8.46 6.15 7.80 9.71 10.02 9.20 9.81 9.34 11.45 9.44 8.42 8.02 7.20 7.59 6.44 7.07 8.00 7.70 8.13 9.48
17 UK 3.08 6.21 5.89 8.77 7.11 6.63 5.45 5.09 6.26 8.13 8.74 7.83 7.72 9.04 8.28 7.72 8.50 8.26 9.16 8.50 8.39 8.46 9.40 9.92 9.42
18 Estonia 0.00 4.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.44 2.38 0.00 4.62 2.70 2.82 7.00 3.28 2.16 3.62 4.11 5.48 0.72 0.68 5.32 4.37 4.59 3.72 8.62
19 Denmark 1.96 8.74 6.53 9.05 10.17 6.57 9.52 11.29 11.11 8.97 8.35 7.96 8.79 5.91 7.21 6.73 5.75 7.14 7.85 6.32 6.21 7.35 7.38 7.52 8.30
20 Croatia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 0.00 0.00 2.17 0.00 0.00 0.74 0.68 0.00 0.00 1.15 0.49 0.45 0.00 0.34 0.38 0.83 8.05
21 Singapore 1.30 5.76 6.92 3.17 4.60 5.45 5.50 5.44 5.30 5.68 6.16 5.25 7.21 5.61 7.36 7.39 6.67 7.45 8.27 6.46 6.17 6.57 6.11 6.66 7.35
22 Qatar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.43 0.90 1.24 3.56 3.23 2.12 3.38 3.92 4.39 4.52 6.19
23 Norway 2.56 5.13 14.55 2.53 7.55 5.83 8.86 7.10 5.50 8.96 8.30 10.44 6.96 7.17 7.32 10.38 5.96 8.63 9.36 8.92 5.56 6.89 6.30 6.93 6.14
24 Lithuania 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.64 1.15 0.00 0.00 1.02 1.01 0.75 2.92 0.72 5.39 3.43 4.00 5.24 2.55 0.96 1.95 2.93 2.21 3.41 5.00 5.77
25 Cuba 0.00 0.00 4.76 0.00 4.65 0.00 0.00 9.52 9.76 3.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.76 4.26 6.00 3.57 0.00 0.00 7.69 5.88 1.96 13.21 4.17 5.56
26 Uruguay 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 0.00 0.00 2.94 6.67 5.88 0.00 0.00 2.86 1.72 0.00 1.54 0.00 0.00 5.26 0.00 1.47 5.13
27 Saudi Arabia 0.00 16.67 28.57 6.25 0.00 21.05 9.68 2.38 3.01 3.74 4.28 5.83 6.10 5.38 5.38 4.90 9.09 10.27 10.14 7.13 6.34 4.81 5.57 5.68 4.91
28 Slovenia 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.74 1.14 0.00 1.39 1.24 1.07 0.48 3.29 2.68 1.69 5.12 4.02 1.57 4.70 4.11 1.60 3.66 2.22 3.91 2.89 3.30 4.71
29 Italy 3.15 3.56 3.84 4.98 4.74 5.20 4.75 5.26 4.36 5.69 5.40 4.68 4.35 4.82 4.43 4.06 4.34 4.49 4.88 4.88 4.12 3.90 4.61 4.76 4.66
30 Spain 0.60 2.09 1.95 1.36 2.41 2.34 2.81 2.24 2.20 2.77 2.87 3.37 3.57 3.75 3.06 3.56 3.54 4.13 3.46 3.82 3.64 3.75 4.03 4.58
31 Costa rica 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 33.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 18.18 18.18 10.00 0.00 19.05 8.11 15.38 3.92 2.70 2.22 4.35
32 UAE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.25 3.19 5.77 3.88 4.00 2.48 1.73 2.36 2.59 2.43 3.17 2.66 3.16 3.46 3.93
33 Bulgaria 0.00 1.28 0.00 0.00 1.74 0.87 0.53 0.56 0.48 0.00 0.46 0.52 0.43 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.15 0.68 1.28 1.32 3.80
34 New Zealand 3.64 5.66 6.82 5.97 7.32 5.26 4.42 5.65 3.47 3.21 3.64 4.67 3.93 4.31 5.14 4.87 5.85 2.94 3.29 5.80 2.35 4.50 2.76 6.30 3.22
35 Australia 3.47 3.80 5.29 12.50 5.91 8.18 6.02 5.07 4.94 5.75 4.72 2.75 2.69 2.43 2.29 2.49 2.71 2.71 2.64 2.54 2.79 2.66 3.32 3.60 3.20
36 China 0.15 0.44 0.70 1.06 0.89 1.31 1.04 1.24 1.89 2.11 2.04 2.47 2.64 2.25 2.25 2.25 2.42 2.46 2.39 2.60 2.91 2.62 2.84 3.02 2.96
37 Iceland 0.00 0.00 100.00 16.67 0.00 0.00 6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.13 7.32 0.00 0.00 5.36 3.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 2.94
38 Cyprus 0.00 25.00 50.00 50.00 16.67 16.67 5.00 2.56 7.50 16.28 8.33 10.20 1.37 3.77 6.90 7.14 5.00 11.84 9.84 3.41 0.90 4.13 1.50 0.64 2.80
39 Greece 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 1.10 1.25 0.00 0.61 1.58 0.97 2.02 1.37 2.31 1.08 0.75 0.97 0.98 0.52 1.02 1.00 2.01 2.55 1.84 2.71 2.44
40 Portugal 0.00 0.81 0.00 1.06 1.07 0.30 0.00 1.36 1.07 1.73 2.50 1.74 1.74 1.17 1.34 2.05 1.38 1.61 1.82 1.58 2.05 1.98 2.26 1.68 2.40
41 Poland 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.90 0.48 0.53 0.40 0.17 0.78 0.32 0.61 1.29 0.87 1.08 2.00 2.13 2.09 1.60 1.66 1.29 1.35 1.43 1.52 2.02 2.39
42 Chile 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.13 0.95 1.64 1.30 1.86 0.92 1.70 4.09 3.74 1.85 1.97 2.33 3.47 2.35 3.34 3.58 2.91 2.47 2.19
43 Kuwait 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.33 0.00 5.26 9.52 0.00 0.00 2.56 1.89 9.46 3.25 0.50 0.53 1.55 0.87 0.23 0.89 1.82
44 Colombia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.68 1.46 2.34 2.96 3.54 2.13 1.84 2.08 1.34 1.83 1.74 1.69 2.85 1.79
45 Slovakia 0.00 0.00 3.57 1.75 2.08 0.79 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.51 0.30 0.54 0.90 0.64 1.15 1.86 0.84 1.48
46 Brazil 0.00 0.40 0.67 1.29 0.97 0.82 0.95 1.74 2.06 1.24 1.69 1.41 1.59 1.93 1.65 1.16 1.35 1.32 1.36 0.83 1.06 1.01 1.43 1.26 1.22
47 Czech Republic 0.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.29 0.82 2.49 1.61 2.96 1.71 2.23 1.88 3.44 2.09 2.19 1.63 2.40 1.87 1.38 2.10 1.16 2.31 2.06 1.13
48 Hungary 0.00 1.20 0.49 0.83 0.36 1.13 2.21 1.83 1.99 3.64 3.59 2.44 2.15 3.02 2.06 2.38 1.05 0.82 0.82 0.52 0.62 0.97 0.67 0.79 1.11
49 Mexico 0.00 1.67 1.40 0.00 0.29 0.87 1.03 1.71 1.43 2.47 0.66 2.01 2.68 3.15 2.79 2.12 2.61 1.69 0.79 1.35 0.51 0.65 0.85 0.50 1.10
50 South Africa 11.54 16.00 15.79 7.02 8.14 6.80 2.59 3.82 0.99 5.32 4.72 3.10 3.89 3.28 2.33 1.74 1.68 1.47 1.06 1.27 1.11 0.57 0.87 0.99 0.92
51 Turkey 0.00 1.10 0.75 0.00 0.00 2.49 1.55 1.98 0.53 0.67 0.80 1.46 1.43 0.90 1.27 2.13 1.50 2.28 1.28 1.37 0.99 0.82 1.22 1.07 0.91
52 India 1.20 2.65 1.76 2.93 2.80 1.80 2.13 1.49 1.21 1.25 1.30 1.60 1.45 1.36 1.63 1.45 1.25 1.07 0.92 0.74 0.67 0.65 0.54 0.55 0.56
53 Argentina 1.09 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.48 0.40 0.63 0.72 1.07 0.71 0.90 0.61 1.10 0.51 1.24 0.42 0.83 0.65 1.72 1.13 0.60 0.93 0.39
54 Romania 1.00 0.00 1.23 0.49 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.29 0.86 0.65 0.55 1.09 1.50 1.47 0.99 0.68 0.67 0.62 0.40 0.29 0.32 0.83 0.37
55 Serbia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.22 0.34
56 Malaysia 0.00 30.43 2.94 5.36 9.62 11.70 12.00 1.94 1.00 0.78 0.76 1.19 0.75 0.81 0.75 1.02 0.39 0.72 0.39 0.41 0.19 0.12 0.23 0.39 0.31
57 Ukraine 0.00 1.69 0.68 1.99 0.25 0.00 0.66 1.90 0.20 1.06 1.19 0.48 1.00 0.26 0.14 0.54 0.64 0.37 0.26 0.65 0.77 0.45 0.11 0.44 0.31
58 Russia 0.39 0.96 1.21 1.09 0.71 1.59 0.94 1.25 1.18 1.20 1.07 0.97 1.02 1.20 0.71 0.96 0.71 0.33 0.30 0.39 0.49 0.39 0.22 0.11 0.28
59 Jordan 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.67 1.09 0.00 0.81 2.76 0.60 0.00 0.26 0.36 0.00 0.12 0.28
60 Thailand 0.00 9.09 3.13 7.84 2.25 2.74 0.50 0.93 0.86 1.27 0.46 0.60 0.53 0.95 0.61 0.26 0.32 0.59 0.46 0.61 0.44 0.35 0.32 0.41 0.25
61 Iran 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.64 0.00 0.36 1.07 0.96 0.57 0.95 0.86 0.85 0.42 0.38 0.54 0.47 0.42 0.62 0.37 0.46 0.45 0.27 0.13 0.18 0.17
62 Azerbaijan 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.24 0.00 3.13 3.57 3.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.17
63 Vietnam 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.26 4.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 2.29 0.71 0.34 1.90 0.44 0.00 0.39 0.40 0.25 0.41 0.24 0.56 0.46 0.15
64 Bangladesh 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.14
65 Morocco 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.25 1.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.78 1.48 0.28 0.40 0.32 0.13 0.26 0.11 0.13
66 Egypt 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.03 0.00 1.88 0.00 0.33 0.27 0.42 0.76 0.70 0.54 1.45 0.46 0.27 0.36 0.18 0.16 0.06 0.13 0.06 0.06 0.06
67 Pakistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.67 0.00 1.30 0.59 0.43 0.63 0.22 0.32 0.47 0.10 0.26 0.13 0.06 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02
68 Jamaica 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 0.00
69 Angola 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 66.67 0.00 0.00
70 Venezuela 5.88 33.33 12.90 5.00 6.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.67 2.63 1.85 1.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
71 Peru 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75 1.47 0.91 0.00 0.51 0.66 0.00
72 Paraguay 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
73 Philippines 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.33 0.00 12.50 12.50 5.88 8.33 5.88 0.00 0.00 5.71 6.67 1.25 5.48 5.38 5.60 0.00 2.27 0.00 0.00 0.00
74 Panama 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 100.00 50.00 100.00 0.00 83.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.76 0.00 5.00 9.09 0.00
75 Oman 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
76 North Korea 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.50 16.67 0.00 9.09 2.70 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
77 Nigeria 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00
78 Algeria 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.89 0.00 0.68 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
79 Tunisia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.00
80 Uzbekistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
81 Syria 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
82 Armenia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
83 Afghanistan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
84 Yemen 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.67 0.00 5.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
85 Lebanon 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.74 0.00 0.00 0.63 0.66 1.92 0.20 0.16 0.00
86 Bosnia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
87 Latvia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.22 0.00 3.39 1.32 1.47 0.00 6.42 6.38 4.40 1.00 2.44 0.83 3.15 1.10 1.00 0.53 0.00
88 Bahrain 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
89 Georgia 33.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.00 0.00 4.76 0.00 7.69 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00
90 Belarus 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.12 0.88 1.11 1.92 1.99 1.52 0.66 0.66 0.54 0.64 2.60 0.57 2.16 1.42 0.45 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00
91 Iraq 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
92 Kazakhstan 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 14.29 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 5.00 1.64 2.15 0.83 0.76 1.98 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
93 Indonesia 0.00 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00

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